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Study this example situation:
Sarah went to a party last week. Eric went to the Bye! Hello! party, too, but they didn't see each other. Eric left the party at 10:30, and Sarah got there at 11:00. So: When Sarah got to the party, Eric wasn't there.
He had gone home.
Had gone is the past perfect (simple): (= l'd, etc.) gone
/we/they/you had (= he'd, etc.) seen
he/she/it finished, etc.
The past perfect simple is had + past participle (gone/seen/finished, etc.) Sometimes we talk about something that happened in the past:
- Sarah got to the party.
This is the starting point of the story. Then, if we want to talk about things that happened before this time, we use the past perfect (had gone):
- When Sarah got to the party, Eric had already gone home.
Here are some more examples:
- When we got home last night, we found that somebody had broken into our apartment.
- Karen didn't want to go to the movies with us because she had already seen the film.
- At first I thought I'd done the right thing, but I soon realized that Id made a mistake.
- The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He hadn't flow before. or ...He had never flown before.
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